Erlang/OTP 20.0

Erlang/OTP 20.0 is a new major release with new features, quite a few (characteristics) improvements, as well as a few incompatibilities.

There are only minor changes compared to the second release candidate, some of them listed below:

• ERTS:
  • In the OTP 20 release candidates the function erlang:term_to_binary/1 changed the encoding of all atoms from ATOM_EXT to ATOM_UTF8_EXT and SMALL_ATOM_UTF8_EXT. This is now changed so that only atoms actually containing unicode characters are encoded with the UTF8 tags while other atoms are encoded ATOM_EXT just as before.

Here are some of the most important news in OTP 20:

Potential Incompatibilities

• ERTS:

  • The non SMP Erlang VM is deprecated and not built by default
  • Remove deprecated erlang:hash/2
  • erlang:statistics/1 with scheduler_wall_time now also includes info about dirty CPU schedulers.
  • The new purge strategy introduced in OTP 19.1 is mandatory and slightly incompatible for processes holding funs see erlang:check_process_code/3.
  • The NIF library reload is not supported anymore.
  • Atoms can now contain arbitrary unicode characters which means that the DFLAG_UTF8_ATOMS capability in the distribution protocol must be supported if an OTP 20 node should accept the connection with another node or library. Third party libraries which uses the distribution protocol need to be updated with this.

• Asn1: Deprecated module and functions removed (asn1rt, asn1ct:encode/3 and decode/3)

• Ssh: client only option in a call to start a daemon will now fail

Highlights

Erts:

• Dirty schedulers enabled and supported on VM with SMP support.
• support for “dirty” BIFs and “dirty” GC.
• erlang:garbage_collect/2 for control of minor or major GC
• Erlang literals are no longer copied when sending messages.
• Improved performance for large ETS tables, >256 entries (except ordered_set)
• erlang:system_info/1 atom_count and atom_limit
• Reduced memory pressure by converting sub-binaries to heap-binaries during GC
• enif_select, map an external event to message
• Improvements of timers internally in the VM resulting in reduced memory consumption and more efficient administration for timers

Compiler:

• Code generation for complicated guards is improved.
• Warnings for repeated identical map keys. #{'a'=>1, 'b'=>2, 'a'=>3} will warn for the repeated key a.
• By default there is now a warning when export_all is used. Can be disabled
• Pattern matching for maps is optimized
• New option deterministic to omit path to source + options info the BEAM file.
• Atoms may now contain arbitrary unicode characters.
• compile:file/2 has an option to include extra chunks in the BEAM file.

Misc other applications

• Significantly updated string module with unicode support and many new functions
• crypto now supports OpenSSL 1.1
• Unnamed ets tables optimized
• gen_fsm is deprecated and replaced by gen_statem
• A new event manager to handle a subset of OS signals in Erlang
• Optimized sets add_element, del_element and union
• Added rand:jump/0-1
• When a gen_server crashes, the stacktrace for the client will be printed to facilitate debugging.
• take/2 has been added to dict, orddict, and gb_trees.
• take_any/2 has been added to gb_trees
• erl_tar support for long path names and new file formats
• asn1: the new maps option changes the representation of SEQUENCE to be maps instead of records
• A TLS client will by default call public_key:pkix_verify_hostname/2 to verify the hostname
• ssl: DTLS documented in the API, experimental
• ssh: improving security, removing and adding algorithms
• New math:fmod/2

For more details see http://erlang.org/download/otp_src_20.0.readme

Pre built versions for Windows can be fetched here: http://erlang.org/download/otp_win32_20.0.exe http://erlang.org/download/otp_win64_20.0.exe

On line documentation can be browsed here: www.erlang.org/doc/

Thanks to all contributors.

Artifacts: